The National Observatory on Climate Change (ONACC) has issued a warning regarding increased risks of epizootics across Cameroon, expected between February 21 and 28, 2026, due to high temperatures affecting the entire territory. This concerning situation could lead to the resurgence of animal diseases such as tuberculosis and foot-and-mouth disease, as well as human health issues like meningitis. The northern regions of the country, including the North, Adamawa, and Far North, will be particularly affected by these extreme climatic conditions.
This alert from ONACC highlights the direct impact of climate change on public and animal health in Cameroon. Decadal climate forecasts indicate a significant increase in temperatures, exacerbated by the persistence of dry harmattan winds in the northern regions. These conditions favor the spread of diseases and increase the risk of animal losses due to thermal discomfort. ONACC also emphasizes that the entire country could face respiratory illnesses and conjunctivitis.
The expected high temperatures, potentially reaching 41.5 degrees Celsius in several regions, combined with the presence of suspended particles carried by the Northeast trade winds, create an environment conducive to the development and spread of epizootics. The influence of strong winds, associated with out-of-season rains and localized relief factors, also contributes to this alarming situation. These environmental factors weaken animal and human populations, making them more vulnerable to diseases.
Epizootics, or animal epidemics, can have disastrous consequences on the local economy, particularly for rural communities whose livelihoods depend on livestock farming. The loss of livestock due to disease or thermal discomfort can lead to decreased income, increased food insecurity, and destabilization of local markets. Additionally, some animal diseases can be transmitted to humans, posing additional risks to public health.
In the face of this alert, it is crucial that Cameroonian authorities take preventive and reactive measures to mitigate the potential impacts of epizootics. This could include strengthening epidemiological surveillance, implementing vaccination campaigns to protect livestock, raising public awareness of health risks, and providing assistance to farmers to cope with animal losses. Effective coordination between the various relevant ministries and agencies is essential to ensure a rapid and coordinated response.
Local populations, especially in the most vulnerable regions, need to be informed about the risks and measures to take to protect themselves and their animals. This could include advice on animal feeding and hydration, waste management, and prevention of respiratory diseases. Collaboration with community organizations and local leaders is essential to effectively disseminate information and mobilize necessary resources.
In conclusion, ONACC's alert regarding the risks of imminent epizootics in Cameroon underscores the importance of climate monitoring and disaster preparedness. Rapid and coordinated action is needed to protect public and animal health, as well as to mitigate the economic and social impacts of these extreme weather events. The situation calls for increased vigilance and strengthened collaboration between authorities, local communities, and international organizations to address the challenges posed by climate change.
